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Real Article 99 penalty math. Enter your global annual turnover, pick the violation tier, get the maximum fine that an EU national market surveillance authority may impose. SME and startup relief under Article 99(6) is applied automatically.
Source: Regulation (EU) 2024/1689, Article 99 on EUR-Lex. Calculator does not constitute legal advice.
Calculator output is the maximum fine an authority MAY impose, not the amount they will. Real fines are set after considering the nature, gravity, duration, intent, mitigation, cooperation, and prior infringements of the violation. SME relief applies under Article 99(6). Calculator does not constitute legal advice. Source: Regulation (EU) 2024/1689, Article 99 on EUR-Lex.
Article 99 of the EU AI Act sets three tiers for deployer violations. Article 101 sets a fourth tier for general-purpose AI model providers.
EUR 35 million OR 7% of global annual turnover, whichever is higher. Social scoring, manipulation, real-time biometric identification, emotion recognition in workplaces.
EUR 15 million OR 3% of global turnover, whichever is higher. Risk management, conformity assessment, technical documentation, human oversight, post-market monitoring failures.
EUR 7.5 million OR 1% of global turnover, whichever is higher. Misleading or incomplete information to notified bodies or national competent authorities.
EUR 15 million OR 3% of global turnover, whichever is higher. Separate regime for providers of general-purpose AI models failing to comply with Article 53 obligations.
For SMEs (under 250 employees, EUR 50M turnover, EUR 43M balance sheet) and startups, fines are calculated as the LOWER of the two thresholds in each tier, not the higher. A small consultancy with EUR 5M turnover faces a EUR 350K cap for a prohibited-practice violation (7% of 5M), not the EUR 35M fixed ceiling. The calculator above applies this automatically when SME mode is on.
The maximum fine is EUR 35 million or 7% of global annual turnover, whichever is higher. This applies to violations of the prohibited AI practices listed in Article 5 of Regulation (EU) 2024/1689, such as social scoring by public authorities, real-time remote biometric identification, and emotion recognition in workplaces.
Article 99 sets three tiers. Tier 1 (prohibited practices, Article 5): EUR 35M or 7% turnover, whichever is higher. Tier 2 (high-risk obligations, Articles 6 to 49): EUR 15M or 3%, whichever higher. Tier 3 (incorrect information): EUR 7.5M or 1%, whichever higher. For SMEs and startups, Article 99(6) flips the rule to the LOWER of the two thresholds.
Yes. Article 99(6) provides relief: for SMEs and startups, the fine is calculated as the lower of the fixed cap and the percentage threshold, not the higher. So a small business with EUR 5M turnover would face the lower of EUR 35M or 7% of EUR 5M (EUR 350K) for a prohibited-practice violation, with the percentage applying.
GPAI (general-purpose AI) providers fall under a separate regime in Article 101. The ceiling is the same as Tier 2 (EUR 15M or 3% of turnover), but applies to providers of general-purpose AI models who fail to comply with Article 53 obligations, infringe intellectual property rights, or refuse to provide information requested by the AI Office.
Article 5 prohibited practices have been enforceable since 2 February 2025. Article 4 AI literacy obligations applied from the same date. GPAI provider obligations under Articles 50-55 have been enforceable since 2 August 2025. The bulk of high-risk system obligations (Articles 6 to 49) under Annex III apply from 2 December 2027, delayed from 2 August 2026 by the Digital Omnibus deal of 7 May 2026; Annex I embedded high-risk AI applies from 2 August 2028. The full Article 99 penalty regime is live today for any violation in scope.
No. The calculator outputs the maximum fine an authority MAY impose, not the amount they will. Real fines are set after considering the nature, gravity, duration, intent, mitigation, cooperation, and prior infringements of the violation. For binding interpretation of Article 99 against a specific incident, consult a qualified lawyer in the relevant Member State.
The fine calculator gives you the maximum. The article walks through the enforcement mechanism, civil liability under the AI Liability Directive, who pays first when a deployer and provider are jointly involved, and how to avoid being a cautionary tale.
